Animal Osteoarthritis
Many pet owners are all too familiar with pain from arthritis. Pets age quickly and may only live for 15 years. Reaching maturity in the first year their growth can be astounding especially for a large or giant breed dog. We se
e osteoarthritis commonly in certain breeds of dogs. Hip dysplasia can be very common in dogs like German Shepards and Saint Bernards. We will see radiographic evidence of dysplasia early. Often by 6 months these dogs will have radiographic changes, an abnormal gait and shallow joints. As they age, some dogs will become progressively worse and need medication for pain. An occasional dog may be affected and need a total hip replacement with a implant. Other joints may also be affected and elbow disease is now commonly seen in certain breeds of dogs like the Bernese Mountain Dog.
Signs of joint arthritis can be a dog or cat not getting up and around like normal. They might resist getting up the stairs or jumping up on furniture. Some will just be stiff when getting up. Watching an animal’s weight and limiting stress in young growing joints might prevent problems later in life.
Veterinarians use a number of medications to help animals who are showing signs of this disease. Nutraceuticles like glucosamine and chondroitin can help. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can prevent pain but must be used with caution to prevent serious side effects.
Lyme Disease in Pets
Lyme disease is now a major problem in Pennsylvania and we are seeing dogs showing signs of infection locally. Some dogs will show a positive on the yearly test without any symptoms. Others will present arthritic with fever, pain and swollen joints. Spread by the tick this disease can be severe especially in humans. Prevention is key and pet owners and any anyone outdoors should be aware of ticks. Topical medications are very useful for animals. Infected dogs are treated with antibiotics and often recover quickly. Certain breeds do not become infected when exposed.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Occasionally we see dogs with immune mediated arthritis. An erosive form of immune –mediated polyarthritis can be seen in dogs with Rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally there is an erosive polyarthritis in Greyhounds and a
feline chronic progressive polyarthritis seen in cats. This problem is diagnosed with a joint tap. These pets can be treated with corticosteroids and chemotherapy drugs. Caution is advised to void the long term side effects of these drugs.
A nonerosive immune mediated arthritis is also seen in both large and small breed dogs. The idiopathic form is the most common. Certain breeds are over represented with this condition. Usually diagnosed with a joint tap this disease is also treated with steroids and chemotherapy agents.
Animals can be a sentinel for infections like Lyme disease. Breed predisposition can also be used as a research tool to better understand arthritis in animals as this is a complicated and perplexing condition.
Lawrence Gerson, VMD
Guest blogger Lawrence Gerson, VMD, graduated from the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in 1975 and founded the Point Breeze Veterinary Clinic in 1976. Dr. Gerson writes a column called “Pet Points” for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.


































